[Objective]To understand the uncorrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent and hyperopia reserve of 6-8-year-old primary school students in Jing'an District of Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for further myopia prevention and control.[Methods]A total of 619 children aged between 6-8 years old from three primary schools in Jing'an District were selected by cluster sampling method for uncorrected eye visual acuity examination and diopter examination after cycloplegia (mydriasis).[Results]The mean uncorrected visual acuity of the 619 students aged 6-8 years old was (4.9±0.2), and the mean spherical equivalent was (0.84±1.11) D. The difference in uncorrected visual acuity was not statistically significant as the age increased (F=0.057, P=0.812), but the spherical equivalent decreased with the increase of age, showing a statistically significant difference (F=26.533, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in uncorrected visual acuity(t=-1.614, P=0.107) and spherical equivalent (t=-1.675, P=0.094) between students of different genders. Finally, among the 619 students,59.80% of them had abnormal uncorrected visual acuity, 34.90% had insufficient hyperopia reserve, and only 5.30% had sufficient hyperopia reserve. Besides, the proportion of abnormal uncorrected visual acuity in 7-year-old students was 67.50%, higher than that of students with other ages, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²_trend=29.729, P<0.001). While the difference in abnormal uncorrected visual acuity between students of different genders was not statistically significant (χ²=0.068, P=0.967).[Conclusion]The deficiency of hyperopia reserve in 6-8-year-old students in Jing'an District of Shanghai is serious. Attention should be paid to the visual acuity of school-aged children in lower grades, and intervention measures should be actively carried out to slow down the progression of myopia.