Journals >Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
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2025
Volume: 35 Issue 3
13 Article(s)
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[in Chinese]
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 1 (2025)
Research advances in surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion
JIN Mengmeng and KANG Feiwu
Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) is a combined surgical-orthodontic treatment modality primarily used to address severe maxillary transverse deficiency (MTD) and dental arch constriction. SARME has undergone continuous refinement and optimization, becoming an essential therapeutic strategy in orthoSurgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) is a combined surgical-orthodontic treatment modality primarily used to address severe maxillary transverse deficiency (MTD) and dental arch constriction. SARME has undergone continuous refinement and optimization, becoming an essential therapeutic strategy in orthognathic treatment. This article comprehensively reviews the developmental trajectory of SARME, encompassing its surgical techniques, clinical efficacy, and potential complications. The review aims to provide clinicians and researchers with an updated perspective on SARME's evolving paradigm and propose future research directions..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 163 (2025)
The role of mitophagy in periodontitis bone tissue
CAI Yuyi, WANG Haicheng, SUN Bin, XU Yifan, and WANG Zuolin
Objective:To investigate changes in mitophagy levels in bone tissue during periodontitis in mice and to explore the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mitophagy on the osteogenic differentiation capacity of mouse embryonic osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells.Methods:A mouse periodontitis model was establisheObjective:To investigate changes in mitophagy levels in bone tissue during periodontitis in mice and to explore the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mitophagy on the osteogenic differentiation capacity of mouse embryonic osteoblast precursor (MC3T3-E1) cells.Methods:A mouse periodontitis model was established using silk ligatures, and mice were divided into ligation and control groups. Micro-CT and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining were used to assess alveolar bone resorption. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to detect the relative mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes and mitophagy-related genes in the periodontal bone tissue. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining was used to observe the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (Pink1) expression in the alveolar bone. For in vitro experiments, MC3T3-E1 cells were induced with LPS and divided into the control group and the LPS group. According to whether autophagy intervention was applied, MC3T3-E1 cells were further divided into the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) +LPS group, rapamycin (Rapa) +LPS group, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) +LPS group, and LPS group. Additionally, MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into the siPink1 group and the NC group based on whether Pink1 was knocked down using small interfering RNA (siRNA). RT-qPCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expression levels of mitophagy-related and osteogenesis-related genes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to observe mitochondria and autophagosomes. IF staining was performed to examine changes in the expression of the mitophagy-related protein Pink1. Western blotting was conducted to detect the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining were used to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation capacity of cells in each group, respectively.Results:In vivo experiments showed that the silk ligation group exhibited significantly increased buccal alveolar bone resorption. The relative expression level of the mitophagy-related protein Pink1 was elevated in the bone tissue of the ligation group, along with increased relative mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related and mitophagy-related genes. In vitro experiments demonstrated that, after 14days of osteogenic induction, compared with the control group, the LPS group showed significantly decreased relative mRNA expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes, weaker ALP staining, and smaller alizarin red staining areas. Compared with the control group, the LPS group exhibited significantly increased mRNA and protein expression levels of Pink1 and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Parkin (Parkin) (related to mitophagy), while showing significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and sequestosome 1 (P62) (related to autophagy); TEM observation revealed swollen and damaged mitochondria in the LPS group; IF staining results indicated a higher proportion of Pink1-positive cells in the LPS group compared with the control group. Compared with the DMSO+LPS group, the Rapa+LPS group displayed darker ALP staining and larger alizarin red staining areas in MC3T3-E1 cells. In contrast, the 3-MA+LPS group showed lighter ALP staining and smaller alizarin red staining areas compared with the LPS group. Compared with the NC group, the siPink1group exhibited decreased relative mRNA expression levels of autophagy- and osteogenesis-related genes, lighter ALP staining, and smaller alizarin red staining areas.Conclusion:Under the conditions of this study, LPS stimulation of MC3T3-E1 cells led to increased relative expression levels of mitophagy-related genes Pink1 and Parkin. Activation of autophagy can partially restore the osteogenic differentiation capacity of cells..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 171 (2025)
Effects of stress granule formation on apoptosis of human periodontal ligament cells and the expression of inflammatory-related factors and ROS generation under LPS stimulation
XU Hui, QIAO Guangyan and SU Jiansheng
Objective:To investigate the formation of stress granule (SG) in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) under stress, and its effect on the apoptosis, the expression of inflammatory factors, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.Methods:Sodium arsenite (SA) waObjective:To investigate the formation of stress granule (SG) in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) under stress, and its effect on the apoptosis, the expression of inflammatory factors, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.Methods:Sodium arsenite (SA) was used to induce SG formation in hPDLCs, and immunofluorescence staining was used to quantify SG formation. Live and dead cell staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the localization and expression of cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 3 (Caspase-3) in hPDLCs to evaluate the effect of SG formation on apoptosis. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression changes of inflammatory-related cytokines interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) during LPS stimulation. ROS detection was used to assess the effect of SG on LPS-induced ROS levels of hPDLCs.Results:SA successfully induced SG formation in hPDLCs. The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that Caspase-3 was localized in SG, which significantly inhibited the apoptosis of hPDLCs. RT-qPCR results indicated that SG could downregulate the mRNA relative expression of LPS-stimulated inflammatory cytokines in hPDLCs. ROS detection showed that SG inhibited LPS-induced ROS generation in hPDLCs.Conclusion:SG can protect hPDLCs from stress-induced apoptosis and inhibit the expression of LPS-triggered inflammatory-related factors and ROS generation..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 181 (2025)
In vitro study on the preparation of catalpol/GelMA hydrogel and its antioxidant properties
ZHANG Chunlei, WANG Di, YANG Jing, HAN Hongyang, YANG Shu, PANG Bo, and SONG Tao
Objective:To investigate the effects of catalpol on rat Schwann cell (RSC) and establish a catalpol/methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel, followed by in vitro evaluation of its biocompatibility and antioxidant properties.Methods:First, the optimal concentration of catalpol for acting on RSC96 cell (rat Schwann cell lObjective:To investigate the effects of catalpol on rat Schwann cell (RSC) and establish a catalpol/methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel, followed by in vitro evaluation of its biocompatibility and antioxidant properties.Methods:First, the optimal concentration of catalpol for acting on RSC96 cell (rat Schwann cell line) was determined through CCK8 assay. Subsequently, the effects of catalpol on RSC96 cell migration were analyzed by using scratch assay and Transwell assay. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to assess catalpol's influence on mRNA expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). An oxidative stress model was established using H2O2, and catalpol's antioxidant capacity was evaluated through CCK8 assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) staining. Finally, the mechanical properties, biocompatibility, antioxidant capacity of catalpol/GelMA hydrogel, along with its effects on RSC96 cell proliferation, were systematically investigated.Results:The optimal concentration of catalpol in GelMA for acting on RSC96 cells was determined to be 10μmol/L. At this concentration, catalpol significantly promoted the proliferation and migration of RSC96 cell, upregulated mRNA expression levels of GFAP, NGF, BDNF and GDNF, and attenuated oxidative stress-induced damage in RSC96 cells. The constructed catalpol/GelMA hydrogel demonstrated excellent capability for RSC96 cell encapsulation and exhibited favorable biocompatibility. Furthermore, it effectively enhanced RSC96 cell proliferation and exerted protective effects against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity.Conclusion:Catalpol/GelMA hydrogel has good in vitro cell biocompatibility and antioxidant properties..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 190 (2025)
Clinical study on the effect of temporomandibular joint disc anchorage on surface electromyographic characteristics of the masticatory muscles
LIN Yuxiang, LI Chenxi and GONG Zhongcheng
Objective:To evaluate the effect of temporomandibular joint disc anchorage (DA) on the surface electromyography (sEMG) characteristics of the masticatory muscles and its clinical outcome.Methods:A total of twenty-three patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) who underwent temporomandibular jObjective:To evaluate the effect of temporomandibular joint disc anchorage (DA) on the surface electromyography (sEMG) characteristics of the masticatory muscles and its clinical outcome.Methods:A total of twenty-three patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) who underwent temporomandibular joint disc anchorage (DA) between December 2022 and January 2024 were collected to compare their preoperative, 3-month postoperative, and 6-month postoperative maximal interincisal opening (MIO), visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, mandibular border movement (BM) distance, and sEMG of anterior temporalis (TA) and masseter muscle (MM).Results:Patients' MIO increased at 6months postoperatively compared with preoperative levels (P<0.05), BM distance did not change significantly, VAS scores during wide mouth opening and in the preauricular region decreased compared with preoperative levels (P<0.05). In unilateral DA patients, the mean amplitude of TA sEMG was higher at 6months postoperatively than that at 3months postoperatively (P<0.05). At 6 months postoperatively, the mean MM sEMG amplitude was elevated on the non-operative side compared with preoperative and 3-month postoperative levels, and was reduced on the operative side compared with 3-month postoperative levels. The non-operative side showed higher amplitude than the operative side both preoperative and 6months postoperatively, and lower amplitude at 3months postoperatively (P<0.05). In bilateral DA patients, the mean TA sEMG amplitude decreased at 3months postoperatively compared with preoperative levels (P<0.05), and the mean MM sEMG amplitude decreased at 3months postoperatively compared with preoperative levels, but increased and was higher than the preoperative levels at 6months postoperatively (P<0.05).Conclusion:DA can reduce the pain of ADDwoR patients, improve the mandibular motor function, and make the sEMG tend to be balanced and stable, with good clinical efficacy..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 199 (2025)
Evaluation of the implant placement accuracy under dynamic navigation guidance using intraoral scanning
LIU Yitian, XU Zonghe, XIAO Yanjun, XU Qiyin, GUO Wen, ZHANG Sihui, and WU Dong
Objective:To evaluate the accuracy of implant placement guided by dynamic navigation by comparing digital intraoral scanning (IOS) with the traditional cone beam CT (CBCT)-based method, and to provide further evidence for the feasibility of using IOS as an evaluation tool.Methods:Sixty mandibular resin models were prinObjective:To evaluate the accuracy of implant placement guided by dynamic navigation by comparing digital intraoral scanning (IOS) with the traditional cone beam CT (CBCT)-based method, and to provide further evidence for the feasibility of using IOS as an evaluation tool.Methods:Sixty mandibular resin models were printed, and 2 implants (31 and 36) were placed in each model using dynamic computer-aided implant surgery. One hundred and twenty implants were placed. Postoperatively, the achieved implant positions were assessed using both CBCT and IOS. The implant deviations were then measured by importing the data into an accuracy analysis software.Results:Significant differences between CBCT and IOS were observed in global coronal and angular deviations (P<0.01), but not for the other deviations. The differences between the two methods were statistically significant for the global coronal, lateral coronal, and angular deviations (P<0.01) at site 31, and for the vertical coronal, vertical apical, and angular deviations (P<0.05) at site 36.Conclusion:The accuracy of the IOS-based evaluation method for measuring implant accuracy is consistent with that of the conventional CBCT assessment method and meets the clinical requirements. However, further clinical study is required to confirm the accuracy and feasibility of this method..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 205 (2025)
Clinical application of transverse incision technique in forearm flap harvesting and donor site reconstruction
SUN Xiaoqiang, LAN Yuyan, SUN Libo, ZHANG Chunfeng, WANG Changmi, and LIANG Yunhong
Objective:To evaluate the impact of the transverse incision technique for harvesting forearm flaps on donor-site function and appearance.Methods:A total of twelve patients with oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects who underwent forearm flap harvesting using the transverse subcutaneous tunnel technique at our hospObjective:To evaluate the impact of the transverse incision technique for harvesting forearm flaps on donor-site function and appearance.Methods:A total of twelve patients with oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects who underwent forearm flap harvesting using the transverse subcutaneous tunnel technique at our hospital between July 2020 and July 2023 were included. Postoperative flap survival was observed. Six months after surgery, hand motor function (finger extension, fist clenching, wrist rotation, and flexion) and sensory function were assessed for any limitations or abnormalities. Patient satisfaction with the forearm donor-site appearance was evaluated through a self-reported questionnaire.Results:The flap survival rate was 100% (12/12). Two patients experienced numbness and tingling in the hand one week postoperatively, but symptoms resolved within three months. At 6-month postoperative follow-up, none of the patients exhibited motor or sensory dysfunction in the hand. Patients reported high satisfaction with the donor-site appearance, with an average satisfaction score of 8.9 on the questionnaire.Conclusion:The transverse incision technique for forearm flap harvesting ensures reliable flap viability without leaving long, conspicuous longitudinal scars. This method minimizes surgical trauma, shortens donor-site healing time, and represents a dependable approach for reconstructing oral and maxillofacial soft tissue defects..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 214 (2025)
Research advances in skeletal stem cells
CHEN Xiaofan and WANG Zuolin
The development, homeostasis maintenance, and damage repair of the skeletal system require continuous proliferation and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells. Although studies on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have accumulated substantial evidence over the past decades, the definition and markers of The development, homeostasis maintenance, and damage repair of the skeletal system require continuous proliferation and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells. Although studies on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have accumulated substantial evidence over the past decades, the definition and markers of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) remain controversial. Recent advances in lineage tracing and bioinformatics technologies have facilitated the purification and functional investigation of SSCs. This review systematically summarizes different SSC populations based on their origins and markers, as well as their functions in skeletal development and repair..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 219 (2025)
Advances in amino acid metabolism in bone remodeling and osteoporosis
ZHANG Shuyu, YANG Zhenming, QIANG Jinbiao, and SHI Ce
Bone is a metabolically active organ that undergoes continuous bone remodeling throughout life to maintain bone homeostasis. Amino acids are the basic units of proteins, which play an important role in the regulation of material metabolism and information transfer, and amino acid metabolism is closely related to bone rBone is a metabolically active organ that undergoes continuous bone remodeling throughout life to maintain bone homeostasis. Amino acids are the basic units of proteins, which play an important role in the regulation of material metabolism and information transfer, and amino acid metabolism is closely related to bone remodeling and the development of osteoporosis. Therefore, elucidating their linkages is not only essential for a full understanding of bone biology, but also helps to clarify the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and explore new therapeutic targets. In this paper, the research progress on the role of amino acid metabolism in bone remodeling and osteoporosis is reviewed..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 223 (2025)
Periosteal stem cells: Research progress and application prospect
YI Zumu, DENG Chen and MAN Yi
The periosteum, a connective tissue layer covering bone surfaces, possesses excellent bone regeneration capabilities and serves as the primary reservoir of stem cells for bone repair. This review summarizes the organizational structure and physiological functions of the periosteum, with a focus on the cell markers and The periosteum, a connective tissue layer covering bone surfaces, possesses excellent bone regeneration capabilities and serves as the primary reservoir of stem cells for bone repair. This review summarizes the organizational structure and physiological functions of the periosteum, with a focus on the cell markers and biological characteristics of periosteal stem cells (PSCs). In recent years, utilizing techniques such as single-cell sequencing, different subsets have been identified, and their good proliferation and multilineage differentiation potential have been revealed. The biological functions of PSCs are regulated by complex molecular signals. There may be interactions between different signals to orchestrate periosteal stem cell activities. Additionally, this review outlines the prospective applications of PSCs in bone tissue engineering. Future investigations should prioritize exploring the heterogeneity of PSCs and exploring the application of different PSCs subsets in both tissue engineering and clinical settings..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 227 (2025)
Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma: A case report and literature review
YOU Jingmin and SU Tong
Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma (IMC) is a rare malignant tumor of the jawbones and a rare subtype of salivary gland neoplasms. The pathogenesis of IMC remains unclear. Clinically, it needs to be differentiated from other jaw lesions such as odontogenic jaw cysts, keratocystic odontogenic tumors, ameloblastomas, Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma (IMC) is a rare malignant tumor of the jawbones and a rare subtype of salivary gland neoplasms. The pathogenesis of IMC remains unclear. Clinically, it needs to be differentiated from other jaw lesions such as odontogenic jaw cysts, keratocystic odontogenic tumors, ameloblastomas, and central squamous cell carcinomas of the jaws. Radical surgery is considered the optimal treatment. This article reports a case of well-differentiated IMC of the mandible and discusses its clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment options based on relevant literature..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 233 (2025)
Ectopic impacted third molar in the mandibular condyle associated with a dentigerous cyst: A case report
HU Yaqi, CUI Zekun and GUO Yanjun
Ectopic teeth are commonly found in the maxillary sinus and nasal cavity, while impacted third molars in the mandible are relatively rare. Cases of ectopic impaction of the third molar occurring in the condyle accompanied by dentigerous cysts are even rarer. This article reports a case of ectopic impacted third molar iEctopic teeth are commonly found in the maxillary sinus and nasal cavity, while impacted third molars in the mandible are relatively rare. Cases of ectopic impaction of the third molar occurring in the condyle accompanied by dentigerous cysts are even rarer. This article reports a case of ectopic impacted third molar in the mandibular condyle with a dentigerous cyst, aiming to provide clinical doctors with diagnostic and treatment ideas for such conditions..
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2025
- Vol. 35, Issue 3, 241 (2025)
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